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Types of Anxiety Disorder Medication The use of medications can be a beneficial tool to help manage anxiety symptoms. Psychiatrists are trained in the prescription and use of medications. They can prescribe the correct medication to minimize the adverse effects. Typical anxiety disorder treatment is three-pronged, and includes psychotherapy, exercise and medications. SSRIs are the most popular treatment for anxiety, can take up to several weeks to take effect. SSRIs SSRIs are the drugs that are most commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders. The more recent SSRIs are less likely to trigger adverse effects than tricyclics older than tricyclics as well as monoamine oxide inhibitors (MAOIs) or tricyclic antidepressants. A variety of SSRIs have been FDA-approved to treat generalized anxiety disorder. These include fluoxetine (aka Prozac), paraxetine, (aka Paxil), and sertraline, (aka Zoloft), as along with citalopram (aka Celexa). These medicines can boost serotonin in the brain, and could also help increase norepinephrine, or BDNF. They can be used alone or in conjunction with psychotherapy. SSRIs can cause nausea and digestive problems, but these side effects usually subside as the body gets used to the medication. The precise mechanism behind how SSRIs help with anxiety is not fully understood. It is believed that SSRIs inhibit the reuptake serotonin by the post-synaptic neuron and increase the concentration serotonin within the synaptic gaps. This improves the signaling between the synapses, which in turn reduces anxiety symptoms. In addition to reducing anxiety, SSRIs may reduce the frequency and severity of panic attacks. They can also be used to treat depression as well as other mental disorders which are often linked to anxiety disorders. They are often used in conjunction with psychotherapy and other types of cognitive behavior therapy, which can increase their effectiveness. Contrary to other classes of antidepressants, SSRIs don't appear to be addictive. It is still crucial to follow the doctor's instructions. If you suddenly stop taking your medication, it can cause “discontinuation” syndrome and anxiety symptoms to return. If SSRIs aren't for your needs, your doctor may consider a different type of antidepressants, like mirtazapine or nefazodone. These drugs can also be effective, however they have a greater chance of causing adverse reactions than the newer SSRIs. SSRIs may interact with certain foods such as dairy products, red meat, eggs and certain fruits and vegetables. If you are taking these medicines it is a wise idea to stay clear of these foods. Additionally, it is generally recommended that you avoid drinking alcohol when taking SSRIs since it can cause more severe side effects. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines improve the calming effect of certain chemical substances within the brain and nervous system. They increase the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) which is a substance which inhibits nerve activity. These medications can be very effective in treating insomnia, anxiety and other mental disorders. However, they can be addictive and should only be used for brief periods of time under medical supervision. Benzos are dangerous when taken recreationally or mixed with other substances, including alcohol. When someone is suffering from anxiety disorders, they often turn to medication as their first option. However it's not the only option. Psychotherapy or talk therapy has also been shown as a way to reduce anxiety disorder symptoms. There are many psychotherapies that can help however the most well-known and effective is cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). This type of therapy teaches you to change your thinking and behavior to are less stressed. Alprazolam and chlordiazepoxide as well as diazep Clorazepate, lorazepam, and quazepam are the most popular benzodiazepines. Each has a unique set of side effects, although they all share similar properties in pharmacology. Clorazepate, for instance, is more effective in treating seizure disorders compared to other benzodiazepines. Lorazepam, on other hand, is better at treating anxiety disorders in comparison to quazepam. While benzodiazepines are efficient, they are not recommended for long-term use as they can lead to physical dependence and tolerance. In addition, they can cause withdrawal symptoms in the event that you stop taking them abruptly for a short period of time, such as sweating, a heart beating and shaking. The symptoms can be uncomfortable and last for a few weeks. However they can be slowed down when you reduce the medication gradually. Benzodiazepines can be very addictive and should only be used for a brief period of duration – typically not more than 4 weeks. During this time, you will be required to monitor your heart rate and blood pressure to ensure you don't suffer an extreme withdrawal reaction. If you're thinking about getting a prescription for benzodiazepine, consult your physician about your history of substance abuse. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are used to treat anxiety symptoms. These medications stop adrenaline from binding to beta receptors in your nervous system, which stops the hormone from triggering physical reactions like heart palpitations and tremors. These medications are usually prescribed to treat high blood pressure and other cardiovascular issues. However they are also available off-label to treat anxiety. When you are anxious your body produces a chemical called adrenaline which signals your body to prepare for fight or flight. Adrenaline binds to beta receptors in the heart and brain, which causes your heart rate to increase and may cause other physical reactions. Beta-blockers are class medications used to treat hypertension, and other heart-related conditions. They block adrenaline's binding actions. This helps to lower the heart rate and blood pressure. Beta-blockers are quick to work, unlike SSRIs or benzodiazepines, which take weeks or even months to show improvement in symptoms. They are a great option for those who need immediate relief from the symptoms of anxiety. For example, those who have to give an address to the public or travel in a plane. In addition, they are an excellent choice for those who suffer from anxiety as well as an ongoing heart condition such as atherosclerosis or congestive heart failure. Beta-blockers may reduce physical symptoms of anxiety, but they do not address the root causes. Therefore, they are usually used as part of an overall treatment plan that includes counseling and lifestyle adjustments. However, they can be an effective option for those who have tried other anti-anxiety medications and do not find them to be effective or to have intolerable side effects. There are many different kinds of beta-blockers, such as propranolol and atenolol. Your doctor will determine which one is right for you according to your medical history and your health. These medications can trigger negative side effects like fatigue or low blood pressure. It is crucial to discuss your options with your physician. MAOIs Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which were first developed in the 1950s to be an antidepressant, are effective for certain depression and anxiety disorders . However, they aren't utilized as often as SSRIs or other antidepressants due to the requirement for strict dietary restrictions and the risk of interactions with drugs. Certain MAOIs are administered orally in tablet form while others (such as Emsam) are available in the form of a transdermal patch that's applied to the skin each day. MAOIs block the actions of MAO and increase the amount of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain. disorders anxiety play a role in sleep, mood, and appetite, as also in sexual function. MAOIs also have anti-anxiety properties. They are more likely than TCAs or SSRIs to cause adverse effects and are accompanied by warnings regarding suicide. Your doctor may prescribe additional medications or treatments to treat your symptoms in addition the MAOIs listed below. For instance, a beta blocker (such as propranolol) is often prescribed to alleviate physical symptoms of anxiety. Your doctor may recommend relaxation techniques or other treatments at home to help ease your symptoms. Iproniazid was the first MAOI discovered in 1952 while conducting research on tuberculosis. It was later discovered to have mood-elevating properties and is believed to be the first antidepressant medication. MAOIs should be used only when other antidepressants have failed because they can cause serious side-effects that require immediate medical attention. If you use an MAOI and consume foods that contain the chemical tyramine that is found that is found in many cheeses, red meats, shellfish, fish, and some dietary supplements, it could trigger an adverse reaction that can result in high blood pressure. The symptoms of this serious reaction include a throbbing headache, nausea, vomiting, and fast heart rate. MAOIs can also interact with other medications and result in severe side effects such as suicidal thoughts or behaviors. Your doctor will discuss your dietary needs with you prior to prescribing MAOIs. The doctor will advise you against eating foods that contain tyramine while you are taking the medication. The doctor will also give a list of foods that are safe to eat when taking MAOIs. This food guide can help you avoid MAOI-related symptoms.